Unit 6 The Natural World

Word

Definition

Example

include

To contain or have as part of something

The package will include a variety of items

indoors

Inside a building or enclosed space

We decided to stay indoors during the heavy rain

last

It continues or endures for a certain duration

The concert lasts for two hours

experience

The knowledge or skill gained through direct involvement or participation

Traveling allows you to gain new experiences

explain

To make something clear or provide information about it

Please explain the process step by step

bathysphere

A spherical deep-sea diving vessel used for underwater exploration

The bathysphere enabled scientists to explore the deep ocean

allow

To permit or give permission for something to happen

The teacher will allow you to ask questions

explore

To investigate or travel in search of new information or experiences

They plan to explore the ancient ruins in Greece

submarine

A watercraft designed for underwater travel, often used by the military

The submarine dove into the depths of the ocean

oil rig

A structure for drilling and extracting oil from beneath the seabed

The oil rig is located offshore for drilling

shallow water

Water that is not deep; having a small depth

Be cautious when swimming in shallow water

aquaculture

The cultivation of aquatic organisms such as fish and shellfish in controlled environments

Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms

significantly

To a notable or important extent; markedly

His performance has improved significantly

provide

To supply or furnish something to meet a need or requirement

The company will provide training for new employees

descent

The act of moving downward or declining in position

The descent into the cave was steep and challenging

reveal

To make something known or visible, often previously hidden

The detective will reveal the mystery's solution

existence

The state of being or living; the fact of being real or present

The existence of extraterrestrial life is still a mystery

marine creatures

Animals that live in the sea or ocean

Coral reefs are home to a variety of marine creatures

prawn

A type of shellfish often used in cooking

The chef prepared a delicious prawn dish

earthquake

A sudden and violent shaking of the ground, often caused by tectonic activity

The earthquake shook the entire city

predict

To forecast or foretell a future event or outcome

Meteorologists can predict weather patterns

availability

The state of being accessible or obtainable

The availability of seats is limited, so book in advance

crane

A large, tall machine used for lifting and moving heavy objects

The construction site used a crane to lift heavy materials

derrick

A framework or tower used for supporting machinery or equipment, often in drilling operations

The derrick on the oil rig is used for drilling operations

helicopter pad

A designated area for helicopters to land and take off from

He walked past the helicopter pad and along a sandy road that led toward the church spires

support tower

A structure that provides support or stability to other structures or equipment

The support tower provides stability to the suspension bridge

pollution

The presence or introduction of harmful substances into the environment

Pollution from factories can harm the environment

is stored

Is kept or retained for later use

The data is stored securely on the server

acid rain

Rainfall with an acidic pH level, often caused by pollutants in the atmosphere

Acid rain can damage vegetation and buildings

liquid

A substance that flows and can take the shape of its container

Water is a common example of a liquid

rise

To move upward or increase in level or position

The temperature is expected to rise next week

damage

Harm or injury caused to something or someone

The storm caused significant damage to the roof

is pumped into

Is forcibly pushed or transferred into something

Freshwater is pumped into the reservoir

eruption

A sudden and violent outburst, often referring to volcanic activity

The volcanic eruption was a spectacular sight

ash cloud

A cloud of fine particles and gases emitted during a volcanic eruption

The ash cloud from the volcano disrupted air travel

main vent

The primary opening through which volcanic material erupts

The main vent of the volcano emitted hot lava

flow

The movement of a liquid or substance in a continuous stream

The river's flow is swift during the rainy season

packed ice

Ice that is densely packed or compressed

Packed ice is essential for keeping items cool in a cooler

pick up

To lift or take something up from a surface

Can you pick up some groceries on your way home?

deposit

To place or leave something in a particular location

He made a deposit of $1000 in the bank

riverbed

The bottom of a river or stream

The riverbed was dry due to the lack of rain

melt

To change from a solid to a liquid as a result of heating

Ice cream will melt quickly on a hot day

eventually

In the end; after some time or a series of events

With practice, you will eventually improve your skills

scatter

To disperse or distribute in various directions

Please scatter flower seeds in the garden

heat radiation

The emission of heat energy in the form of electromagnetic waves

Heat radiation from the sun warms the Earth

absorb

To take in or soak up a substance or energy

Plants absorb nutrients from the soil

sun heat

Heat energy emitted by the sun

The sun heat can make the pavement very hot

greenhouse gas

Gases, such as carbon dioxide, that contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming

Greenhouse gases contribute to global warming

trap heat

To capture or retain heat energy in a particular area

Greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere

factory emissions

Pollutants and gases released from industrial factories

Efforts to reduce factory emissions are essential for air quality

jellyfish

A type of marine animal with a gelatinous and often translucent body

Be cautious when swimming to avoid jellyfish stings

barnacle

A marine crustacean that attaches to surfaces such as rocks and ships' hulls

Barnacles attach themselves to the hull of ships

fossil

The preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms

The fossil of a dinosaur was discovered in the desert

seashell

The hard protective outer layer of certain marine animals

Children love collecting seashells on the beach

treasure trove

A valuable collection or discovery of precious items

The hidden cave was a treasure trove of ancient artifacts

spot

To see or notice something, often in a particular location

I spotted a rare bird in the forest

dig

To excavate or remove soil or materials by digging

Archaeologists dig for ancient artifacts

tentacle

A long, flexible, and often slender appendage, commonly found in some sea creatures

Octopuses use their tentacles for catching prey

attach

To fasten or join one thing to another

Attach the document to the email and send it

current

The continuous flow of water, air, or electricity

The ocean's current carried the boat away

rot away

To decompose or decay gradually over time

The old wooden fence started to rot away

admire

To regard with respect, approval, or appreciation

Many people admire the work of famous artists

soil

The top layer of the Earth's surface, composed of minerals, organic matter, and nutrients

Healthy soil is essential for plant growth

erosion

The gradual wearing away of land or materials by natural forces like wind and water

Erosion caused by rain can lead to landslides

despite the fact

Regardless of the circumstance or situation

Despite the fact that it rained, we enjoyed the hike

tolerate

To endure or accept something unpleasant or unfavorable

She couldn't tolerate the noise from the construction site

anti-inflammatory

Relating to substances or treatments that reduce inflammation

The doctor prescribed an anti-inflammatory medication

fever

An elevated body temperature often caused by illness or infection

A fever is often a symptom of an illness

forehead

The part of the face above the eyes and below the hairline

She placed a cool cloth on her forehead to reduce her fever

complaint

An expression of dissatisfaction or dissatisfaction with something

His complaint about the noisy neighbors was addressed by the landlord

cell

The basic unit of life; a microscopic structure that makes up living organisms

Cells are the basic building blocks of the human body

cramp

A sudden and painful contraction of muscles

She experienced a cramp in her leg during the race

nutrient

A substance that provides nourishment and promotes growth and health

Fruits and vegetables are rich in essential nutrients

be swollen

To become enlarged or puffed up due to inflammation or fluid retention

Her ankle was swollen after she twisted it

fertilizer

Substances added to soil to enhance plant growth and fertility

Fertilizer is used to improve soil fertility

water purification

The process of treating water to make it safe and drinkable

Water purification ensures safe drinking water

digestion

The process of breaking down food in the body to extract nutrients

The process of digestion begins in the stomach

shrimp

Small, edible marine crustaceans typically used in cooking

Shrimp are a popular seafood delicacy

roasted

Cooked by exposure to dry heat, often in an oven or over an open flame

The roasted chicken smelled delicious

chop

To cut food into smaller pieces using a chopping motion

Please chop the vegetables finely for the salad

garnish

A decorative addition to food for visual appeal

A sprig of parsley makes a great garnish for the dish

stir-fry

A cooking technique that involves quickly frying small pieces of food in a hot pan while stirring continuously

Stir-fry is a quick and tasty way to cook vegetables

ache

A persistent, dull pain or discomfort

Lisa felt a dull ache spreading up her arm